德国REXROTH力士乐柱塞泵 德国REXROTH力士乐柱塞泵依靠柱塞与缸体内孔面来形成密封工作容积的。由于柱塞与缸体内孔均为圆柱表面，因此加工方便，配合精度高，密封性能好。故柱塞泵常做成高压泵。
优点：压力高、结构紧凑、效率高及流量调节方便。
缺点：结构复杂，价格较贵。
柱塞泵按柱塞排列方向的不同，分为轴向柱塞泵和径向柱塞泵。在此，简要介绍轴向柱塞泵和回转式径向柱塞泵。
– 斜轴结构轴向柱塞变量泵，用于开式回路的液压传动系统。
– 适用于工程机械或工业领域。
– 多种变量方式适用于各种控制和调节过程。
– 坚固的驱动轴圆锥滚子轴承使泵结构紧凑，寿命长。
– 输出流量与转速和排量成正比，排量从Vg max至Vg min＝0无级可调。
1)轴向柱塞泵。轴向柱塞泵由配流盘、缸体(转子)、柱塞和斜盘等主要零件组成。在配流盘上开有两个弧形 沟槽，分别与泵的吸、压油口连通，形成吸油腔和压油腔。斜盘、配流盘均与泵体相固定，柱塞在弹簧的作用下以球形端头与斜盘接触。两个弧形沟槽彼此隔开，保 持一定的密封性。斜盘相对于缸体的夹角为γ。原动机通过传动轴带动缸体旋转，柱塞就在柱塞孔内作轴向往复滑动。处于π～2π范围内的柱塞向外伸出，使其底 部的密封容积增大，将油吸入；处于0～π范围内的柱塞向缸体内压入，使其底部的密封容积减小，把油压往系统中。 rexroth力士乐轴向柱塞泵的工作原理 轴向柱塞泵是将多个柱塞配置在一个共同缸体的圆周上,并使柱塞中心线和缸体中心线平行的一种泵。轴向柱塞泵有两种形式,直轴式（斜盘式）和斜轴式（摆缸式）,如图3-23所示为直轴式轴向柱塞泵的工作原理,这种泵主体由缸体1、配油盘2、柱塞3和斜盘4组成。柱塞沿圆周均匀分布在缸体内。斜盘轴线与缸体轴线倾斜一角度,柱塞靠机械装置或在低压油作用下压紧在斜盘上（图中为弹簧）,配油盘2和斜盘4固定不转,当原动机通过传动轴使缸体转动时,由于斜盘的作用,迫使柱塞在缸体内作往复运动,并通过配油盘的配油窗口进行吸油和压油。如图3-23中所示回转方向,当缸体转角在π～2π范围内,柱塞向外伸出,柱塞底部缸孔的密封工作容积增大,通过配油盘的吸油窗口吸油;在0～π范围内,柱塞被斜盘推入缸体,使缸孔容积减小,通过配油盘的压油窗口压油。缸体每转一周,每个柱塞各完成吸、压油一次,如改变斜盘倾角,就能改变柱塞行程的长度,即改变液压泵的排量,改变斜盘倾角方向,就能改变吸油和压油的方向,即成为双向变量泵。
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